Re-creating Everyday Life in Late 1880s New England

Edith Maxwell author photoRelevant History welcomes back best-selling historical mystery author Edith Maxwell, a 2017 double Agatha Award nominee for her historical mystery Delivering the Truth and her short story, “The Mayor and the Midwife.” She writes the Quaker Midwife Mysteries and the Local Foods Mysteries; as Maddie Day she writes the Country Store Mysteries and the Cozy Capers Book Group Mysteries. Her award-winning short crime fiction has appeared in many juried anthologies, and she is honored to serve as President of Sisters in Crime New England. A former doula, Maxwell lives north of Boston with her beau and three cats. For more information about her and her books, visit her web site and group blog, and follow her on Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, and Instagram.

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[Note: A version of this post first appeared on Storybook Reviews.]

My Quaker Midwife Mysteries take place in a bustling New England mill and carriage factory town in the late 1880s–which happens to be the town I live in. The family my midwife Rose Carroll lives with resides in my house, or the way my house was when it was brand-new and built for workers who toiled in the textile mill a block down the hill. By now it has had two additions to the back, but the heart of the home remains.

Old New England houseWe bought this house five years ago, and my boyfriend has renovated the entire structure, right down to the studs. We now have new plumbing, new wiring, insulation, smooth walls and ceilings, but we kept the original wide pine floors and the window and door trim. We’ve tried to keep the additions reminiscent of the period when the house was built, so the kitchen has old-timey looking subway tiles for backsplash, as does the bathroom.

Old timey wood stoveWe opened up the kitchen to the sitting room, and I love to perch on the couch and gaze into the kitchen, imagining Rose and her teenage niece Faith cooking and cleaning for the family. But what would it have looked like back then? This is a modest three-bedroom house, not a big fancy Victorian with maid’s quarters and a deluxe dining room.

I have visited several museum homes of the period. One was Orchard House, where the Alcott family lived. It’s only an hour from my home. I also stayed at a living history farmhouse in Maine where the public is invited for 24-hour live-in experiences. The Norlands-Washburn center features late nineteen-century life, from the wood cookstove to the chamberpot under the bed! And I often peruse Miss Parloa’s New Cook Book and Marketing Guide, where she speaks extensively of what a “hygienic” kitchen needs.

Wide table and water pumpRose’s kitchen would have had a wide soapstone sink and running water from a pump. The wide wooden table would have been used for food preparation as well as eating meals, and the cabinet space would have been limited. They might have had gas lighting on the walls, but not yet a gas stove. Certain places in town were starting to be electrified, but definitely not Rose’s home. Refrigeration would have been an icebox. The door to the outside was fitted with a screen door, a new invention that did wonders for keeping the bugs out but letting a breeze circulate in a hot July when Called to Justice takes place.

The family did hire out the washing, and by Book Three in the series (Turning the Tide, 2018) Rose has convinced her widower brother-in-law to hire a kitchen girl, too. Rose has a busy midwifery practice, and Faith works full time in the Hamilton Mills, and Rose argued that it wasn’t fair to either of them to have to do all the housework, too.

I also often think of the Laura Ingalls Wilder series, which I read several times as a child. Those stories take place primarily on the prairie and the frontier, certainly, but many of the everyday household tasks would have been the same.

Readers: Do you have any fabulous late Victorian research sources? Knowledge of everyday life from back then? Please share!

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Called to Justice book coverA big thanks to Edith Maxwell. She’ll give away a paperback copy of her Fourth of July mystery, Called to Justice, to someone who contributes a comment on my blog this week. (Here’s a good review of the book.) I’ll choose the winner from among those who comment by Friday at 6 p.m. ET. Delivery is available worldwide.

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The Dirty Truth About the Puritans: Debunking the Myths and Revealing Some Good-Time Charlies!

M.E. Kemp author photoRelevant History welcomes author M. E. Kemp. Kemp was born in Oxford, MA in 1713 — oops, that’s the year her ancestors settled the town. She lives in Saratoga Springs, NY where she touts horses in the racing season and writes historical mysteries on the side. She is married to Jack H. Rothstein, who keeps her “on track,” and lives with two kitties, Boris and Natasha, who act as editors tearing to shred her scripts — literally. For more information, check her web site.

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I write historical mysteries with two nosy Puritans as detectives. One of my tasks as a writer is to be historically accurate. Another is to dispel the many myths and false pictures of our colonial ancestors that are prevalent, even in the way the media portrays them today.

Far from the stern-faced skinny old stick-in-the-mud image, the typical Boston Puritan was a proud man strutting around in a scarlet cloak with a forest-green or perhaps a violet coat, embroidered waist coat, small clothes of various shades, and silk stockings with silver-buckled red shoes. And lace, plenty of exquisite lace falling from his collar and dripping from his sleeves. And that’s the men. (Men today could learn a thing or two about elegant dress from the old Puritans!) You can imagine that the women of New England would not be backwards in their attention to dress. From the earliest days women defied clothing restrictions and blossomed out in the latest fashions from Paris and London. Good sea-captain husbands helped out by bring back little dolls called “fashion babies” wearing the new fashions so the goodwives could study and share the dolls with neighbors. Colors ranged from bright to pastels, with scarlet being the favorite. Scarlet was such a bright warming color for a cold winter’s day — thus argued the Reverend Cotton Mather from his pulpit until a wealthy member of the congregation finally gave in and gifted him with such a cloak.

The one portrait I’ve found of a New England Puritan in black was of a handsome merchant dressed in a black velvet suit with a large, delicate lace collar covering his shoulders. (How I’d love to get my hands on lace like that!) His wife wears a sober olive dress — but her petticoat is bright red with gold embroidered trim. Even an old soldier wears an exquisite “fall” of lace at his throat while a battle rages outside his window. Dressed to kill? So much for the dowdy Puritans of myth!

The fine clothing covers a dirty little secret, though. Our ancestors were none too clean. If cleanliness is next to godliness, then our poor ancestors are groaning in H-E-double Hockey Sticks! And that just can’t be.

Oh, not that the Saints were saints; they ate prodigious amounts of food and drank even more prodigious amounts of hard liquor. Just check the tavern bills for a meeting of clergymen! I’ll bet on a Puritan minister over your biggest lush that the Puritan can out-drink the modern lush any day. Anyone who could down one of “Sparke’s Specials” — rum, beer, bread crumbs and molasses — must have a stomach of cast iron.

And as for sex, we forget that the early Puritans were actual Elizabethans, born and raised under that earthy Queen. The Puritans were probably more open about sex than we are today. They didn’t have the hang-ups, that’s for sure. One gentleman, accorded “a lusty big man,” bragged that he coveted the miller’s wife. He “coveted” her four times in one afternoon and was fined for it, no doubt with the secret envy of the magistrates. (I guess he must have been a lusty big man!) And there goes the joyless image of the Puritans.

My roaming rogue of a dancing master in Death of a Dancing Master isn’t so far off the mark! Unfortunately he meets a fatal end. There are plenty of suspects for my two nosy detectives to pursue — jealous husbands and deceiving wives, angry magistrates and sermonizing ministers. Death of a Dancing Master is based on a real incident, as are all my books, but in this case the real dancing master was merely harassed out of Boston. But then I wouldn’t have had a murder mystery to write, would I?

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Death of a Dancing Master book coverThanks to M. E. Kemp for the fun post! She offers to give away a print copy of Death of a Dancing Master to someone who contributes a comment on my blog this week. I’ll choose the winner from among those who comment by Friday at 6 p.m. ET. Delivery is available within the U.S. only.

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