The Winner of Bluffing is Murder

Kaye George has won a copy of Bluffing is Murder by Edith Maxwell. Congrats to Kaye George!

Thanks to Edith Maxwell for her insights into Quakers, midwifery in the 1800s, and abolitionist and poet John Greenleaf Whittier. Thanks, also, to everyone who visited and commented on Relevant History this week. Watch for another Relevant History post, coming soon.

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12 November 2014 NEWS FLASH! Kaye George has generously offered her giveaway, an ARC of Bluffing is Murder, to another commenter. The new winner is Nancy Whitt. Congrats, Nancy, and thank you, Kaye!

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Taking Liberties with John Greenleaf Whittier

Edith Maxwell author photoRelevant History welcomes Edith Maxwell, who writes the Local Foods Mysteries. The latest, ‘Til Dirt Do Us Part, was released in May 2014. As Tace Baker, she also writes a modern Quaker series, the Lauren Rousseau Mysteries; book 2, Bluffing is Murder, will be released 11 November 2014. Under the pen name Maddie Day, she writes the Country Store Mysteries. Her historical Carriagetown Mysteries series is in development. Maxwell has also published award-winning short stories of murderous revenge. She lives in an antique house north of Boston and blogs every weekday with the Wicked Cozy Authors. For more information, check her web site, and look for her on Facebook and Twitter.

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No, not that kind of liberties! But John Greenleaf Whittier is a secondary character in my new historical Carriagetown Mysteries series, and I’m having fun bringing him back to life.

Meetinghouse in the snow, photo credit Edward MairI’ve been a Quaker for a long time, and I worship at the same Friends Meetinghouse in northeastern Massachusetts where Whittier worshiped. He lived down the street (Friend Street, felicitously enough) and was on the building committee for the lovely simple light-filled structure that was completed in 1851.

I also live in a house built in 1880 for the mill workers who wove cotton cloth in the tall brick buildings only a block away. And I worked as a childbirth educator and doula many years ago, stopping just short of being a midwife.

Amesbury in the 1890's, a bird's eye viewSo I’ve put all these experiences together in a completed novel called Breaking the Silence, in which Quaker midwife Rose Carroll hears secrets and keeps confidences as she attends births of the rich and poor alike in 1888 Amesbury. When the town’s world-famed carriage industry is threatened by the work of an arsonist, and a carriage factory owner’s adult son is stabbed to death, Rose is drawn into solving the mystery. Things get dicey after the same man’s mistress is also murdered, leaving her one-week old baby without a mother. While struggling with being less than the perfect Friend, Rose draws on her strengths as a problem solver to bring two murderers to justice.

What did being a Friend in 1888 mean? And what was it like to deliver babies at home without advanced medical assistance, antibiotics, or sterile procedure?

Quakers
Quakers have always followed several testimonies: simplicity, integrity, peace, equality, community. For a couple of centuries they wore plain dress—simple clothes in muted colors—as a way to demonstrate simplicity and equality. They refused to go to war. They did not doff hats to those of higher class and did not use titles. They refused to swear an oath in court, because integrity guided their lives and they considered that they always told the truth. Friends of 1888 might still have used “plain speech,” using “thee” and “thy” to both familiars and strangers, which originally was to avoid distinguishing between two classes of people when “you” was used in a more honorific way. But by the late 1800s “theeing” and ”thying” only set Quakers apart, since the language had regularized to “you” for all second-person usage.
The testimonies haven’t changed for modern Quakers, although the manifestations have. Many Friends have been conscientious objectors, and simplicity might be now expressed by living in a modest-sized dwelling, owning a used car, and wearing a jacket from the consignment shop. Many modern Friends still refuse to swear an oath in court, instead requesting to affirm the truth.

John Greenleaf WhittierMy protagonist, 27-year old Rose, is happy in her calling as a midwife, but she’s also being courted by a young doctor whose family is in high society one town over. When she’s invited to a fancy dinner dance, Rose consults with Whittier about wearing a party frock, and he gives his blessing. I’ve greatly enjoyed joining the Whittier Home Association and immersing myself in his life, and was gratified when one of the docents read my completed manuscript and said he thought I had captured the famous poet and abolitionist’s appearance and essence. And Rose lives in my house with her late sister’s widower and his five children, so I can imagine the story as I walk through not only my own home but the streets of my town.

Midwifery
Pinard hornAs for attending births, Rose uses a Pinard horn to listen to a baby’s heartbeat, and struggles with infections and the common diseases of the day, sometimes losing a baby to prematurity or a fever. But germ theory was already known, and she practices hand washing and sterilizing what she uses to cut the umbilical cord. She encourages her pregnant mothers to eat well and take fresh air and exercise, and helps postpartum women with both breastfeeding and depression. She’s had experience, as most modern independent midwives have, with difficult births like breech, twins, or when a baby’s shoulder gets stuck. These are skills that are falling out of many modern obstetricians’ tool boxes, because of the relative ease of surgical births, despite its still real risks to both mother and newborn.

A Time of Change
Women on safety bicyclesIt’s a fascinating period to write about, just before the electric trolley replaced the horse-drawn system. When rich people might have electric lights indoors but most still used gas lamps. When the telephone existed but wasn’t common. When women wanting to ride the safety bicycle, with its equal-sized wheels, started to wear bloomers and cycling costumes and developed a less restrictive style of dress so they could move about more freely.

I piloted the premise of the Carriagetown Mysteries in an award-winning short story, also called “Breaking the Silence,” that was published in the anthology Best New England Crime Stories 2014: Stone Cold from Level Best Books. The series is not yet under contract, but I’m determined that it will be somewhere, sometime. “A Questionable Death,” a short story featuring Rose and her friend Bertie Winslow, will appear in History and Mystery, Oh My from Mystery and Horror, LLC. Stay tuned for news in this space, as they say!

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Bluffing is Murder book coverA big thanks to Edith Maxwell. She’ll give away an uncorrected proof (ARC) of her soon-to-be released book, Bluffing is Murder, to someone who contributes a comment on my blog this week. I’ll choose the winner from among those who comment by Friday at 6 p.m. ET. Delivery is available within the United States only.

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The Winner of Cherish

Tracy Smith has won a copy of Cherish by Norma Huss. Congrats to Tracy Smith!

Thanks to Norma Huss for discussing her memories of Pearl Harbor and Japanese internment. Thanks, also, to everyone who visited and commented on Relevant History this week. Watch for another Relevant History post, coming soon.

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Civilians and Internees During World War II

Norma Huss author photoRelevant History welcomes Norma Huss, who calls herself “The Grandma Moses of Mystery.” She’s a wife, mother, grandmother, (soon to be great-grandmother), and author. Her mysteries for adult readers are set along Chesapeake Bay, where she and her husband sailed for many years. Her non-fiction is a telling of her father’s youthful adventures in Alaska. YA fiction Cherish is a blend of generations, and needed a lot of input from the younger generation to ever appear. It’s a Halloween book that grandma and grandchild can enjoy together—each will learn something about the other’s teen life and “social media.” For more information, check her web site and blog.

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A young teen’s view of World War II
I had just turned twelve a month before that Sunday afternoon when we heard the news. My family sat in the living room around the wood stove, listening to the radio while my mother and I cleaned eggs with sandpaper brushes before they would be sold to city folks. My father relaxed before milking cows. My younger brother and sister played. The Japanese had bombed Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.

Over the days ahead, we heard our president tell us we were at war. Since I lived close to the west coast, we feared the Japanese. (My husband, as a child in Pennsylvania, feared the Germans.) We had air raid drills at school, we covered our windows so light wouldn’t seep out, we bought savings stamps. My father took a first aid course and learned how to stop bleeding. My mother spotted planes.

One day at school, mimeographed sheets were given to the oldest child in the family. After the parents read the sheet, it had to be returned the next day. We were to watch and report any sighting of incendiary bombs. The Japanese were floating balloons carrying them across the ocean. The government didn’t want Japan to know a few had landed.

In a few months we received our ration books with stamps of different colors, one for every member of the household. On a Sunday, we heard over the radio what each color stood for. Red stamps were for meat and butter. Another color was for canned vegetables. Sugar was rationed, as were shoes and gasoline. Since we lived in the country, we grew much of our own food, including meat, so we used our meat coupons for butter. Since each person had the same ration of shoes, families with small children found it more difficult to manage keeping those growing feet shod. Gasoline rations were separate. Farmers received more than enough to run their tractors to keep food production up. The speed limit was reduced to 35 miles an hour, saving on fuel, but also reducing accidents caused by worn out tires. (Rubber for tires was in very short supply.)

Some of the products we see in our stores today began life as non-rationed goods to replace rationed items. Play shoes made without leather or rubber were soon available. They became quite popular, and, in some cases, necessary. Cake mixes, on the other hand, were a failure. They tasted awful. My mother was disgruntled that some companies were getting allotments of sugar to mix up something so useless. (The did improve with time, until, today, they are probably more popular than home made cakes.) Production of fake butter, called oleomargarine flourished.

Internment of Japanese residents
When the war began, we lived in an area largely populated by German immigrants. This was not a problem with us. The kids were our classmates and friends. Others accepted Italians as well. The people who lived with Japanese neighbors weren’t so benevolent. My aunt, who taught school near Seattle, told us a story, which may have been an urban legend before its time. She said a teacher asked a child what they would do if the government took the father away to a camp. The child supposedly replied, “Then my mother will light the candle on the roof.”

In any event, the Japanese families, over half of them American citizens, were moved completely out of California and the western half of both Washington and Oregon. (Less than 2,000 of the over 150,000 Japanese Americans in Hawaii were interned.) I later worked with two of the Japanese women who had been interned. One had been a child. She told me they asked the man of the family two questions. “Do you swear allegiance to the United States?” and “Will you fight against Japan?” Those who replied “No,” to both questions were kept in internment until the war was over, then sent to Japan. Those who replied, “Yes,” to both questions were released, but could not return to their own homes until after the war.

Of the two women I knew, the older one had been released with her family. During the war she worked for the government in Washington D.C. After the war, when her family returned to the Seattle area, they discovered the farm they had signed over to friends to “save”, had been sold by the supposed friends who left with the money.

The other woman’s father had been born in the United States of immigrant parents. He went to Japan to choose a wife and returned to farm in America where the children were born. He said, “Yes,” he was a loyal American, but “No,” he wouldn’t fight against his wife’s family in Japan. They stayed in the internment camp until the war was over, then returned to the Seattle area. The absolute worst, my friend said, was dealing with all the others in the camp who had said, “No, No.” They tried to turn her family against America.

The book, Cherish
My book for teens is Cherish (A Ghost Mystery). It’s a story that spans the centuries with today’s Kayla, and Cherish, a teenage ghost from 1946. Cherish, fifteen in 1946, would have lived through World War II, just as I did. But, just as I did, by 1946, a year after the war was over, she didn’t dwell on it. Others did.

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Cherish book coverA big thanks to Norma Huss. She’ll give away a paperback copy of Cherish to someone who contributes a comment on my blog this week. I’ll choose the winner from among those who comment by Saturday at 6 p.m. ET. Delivery is available within the United States only.

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The Winners of Queens Never Make Bargains

Loretta Wheeler, Cindy Sample, and Norma Huss have won copies of Queens Never Make Bargains by Nancy Means Wright. Congrats to Loretta, Cindy, and Norma!

Thanks to Nancy Means Wright for a look at how she transformed ancestral scandal into a multi-generational novel. Thanks, also, to everyone who visited and commented on Relevant History this week. Watch for another Relevant History post, coming soon.

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Stepping into the Past: On Castles, Spitfires, and Feisty Scots

Nancy Means Wright author photoRelevant History welcomes back historical novelist Nancy Means Wright, who has published fourteen novels with St Martin’s Press, Dutton, Perseverance Press, and elsewhere, including two historical mysteries featuring 18th-century Mary Wollstonecraft. Her most recent historicals are Walking into the Wild for tweens, and the multi-generational novel, Queens Never Make Bargains. Her short stories, both mystery and mainstream, appear in American Literary Review, Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine, Level Best Books, et al. Her children’s mysteries have received an Agatha Award and Agatha nomination. Nancy lives in Middlebury, Vermont, with her spouse and two Maine Coon cats. For more information, check her web site, and look for her on Facebook.

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Some people move ahead with the times—I’ve been stepping behind. After a decade with a contemporary farmer sleuth, I journeyed back into the 18th-century and into the head and heart of real life feminist Mary Wollstonecraft. I relived Mary’s turbulent adventures as governess in an Irish castle and as author of the groundbreaking Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792)—for which they called her a “philosophical wanton.” And I wrote a middle grade novel, Walking into the Wild, set in the 18th-century Republic of Vermont, in which three young siblings walk up into a wilderness filled with catamounts and Tories, in search of a captured father.

Now I’ve reached a stage in my life where I want to dig into my own family roots. In Queens Never Make Bargains, I tell the story of my Scottish grandmother, who as a young woman, alone, took ship aboard the Campania, a turn-screw, steel structure with a veranda café for first class (my granny rode third class) from Port Glasgow in Scotland to New York City. Her half-sister had died in childbirth and she was to be nanny to her uncle’s brood of seven children. She later married him and had six more—thirteen in all. But it wasn’t until the 1980s that I discovered in the Edinburgh, Scotland archives that my grandmother was illegitimate! It took a glass or two of Scotch for me to digest this stunning news—and then I wrote a novelette for Seventeen Magazine that ultimately turned into a full-blown novel.

Castle in the Highlands
Castle MenziesOf course I wasn’t alive when my grandmother took that ship. I have only basic facts, along with family stories sifted down through the years, and myriad visits to Leven Fifeshire where my mother’s family lived in Scotland near the Firth of Forth, and where archeologists had dug up the body of a Viking in full armor. And I placed scenes near the Menzies Castle in highland Weem where my father’s forebears lived. My daughter and a friend once sneaked into the elegant ballroom after the castle was locked and had a fitful night’s sleep filled with dreams of kilts and daggers!

The area is magnificent. The whole valley spins at the feet of the castle: braes, burns, the old houses and trees of Weem and Aberfeldy, Dull and Fortingall. This had been Menzies country since the thirteenth century when the laird was granted the lands and became in loco paternis to the people, renting them land, I was told, in return for certain favors. It was those favors, my father claimed, that spawned our branch of the family!

Life, Love, and Art in Cherry Valley, Vermont
After reaching America, my fictional Scots nanny, Jessie, moves with her uncle and his unruly brood to a town I call Cherry Valley, Vermont. The latter is based on the Vermont machine tool town of Springfield, which was allegedly on Hitler’s World War II “hit list” for bombing. Russian and Poland immigrants flocked there during and after WWI, and I’ve created a love affair between Jessie, who teaches English to the foreigners, and a young Polish poet. Her uncle, of course, does everything he can to separate the lovers.

So far as I know, my grandmother was never in love with a young Pole, who despite his pacifism, fights for his new country in WWI, but like my mother who never told about her illegitimate origins (if indeed she knew), my grandmother stored her secrets deep inside.

One of my characters is based on Joe Henry, a real life artist from Springfield, Vermont (1912-1973), whose paintings I’d seen in an art gallery. I was amazed at the quality of his work, for polio had left him with no use of his opposable thumbs. To paint, he would stand propped in braces before a cardboard table, and then sweep a painting onto canvas or the back of newspaper—for Joe had little money for art materials. I interviewed a compassionate veterinarian who took him on his farm rounds in the 1930s, and gave him subject matter for his work, which eventually found its way to N.Y.C. galleries. One of his paintings graces the cover of my book.

Banned Plays and War Planes
Since the novel tells the fictionalized story of three passionate Menzies women who carry on their lives through two world wars, a pandemic, and a Great Depression, I write from three different points of view. In Part 3, I’m in the head of Victoria, the youngest of Jessie’s charges, who grows into a rebellious young woman in love with the 30’s theater (a theater killed by fanatical congressmen), with her (married) Vassar College professor, and with the Spitfire airplane.

SpitfireAfter seeing Colonel Charles Lindbergh set down his famous Spirit of St. Louis in a nearby field (he truly did in 1927), she learns to fly, and ferries planes in wartime London. Women pilots are not allowed to carry guns, although like Victoria, they do encounter Messerschmitts in the embattled air. My older brother, a pilot and navigator, steered me through the mysteries of Victoria’s beloved Spitfire, with its snug single seat and overhead “bubble” which she calls “the dome of heaven—like flying out of the self.” Like the WWII female pilots I’ve researched, she has her share of misadventures—including a landing in foul weather in which a fellow pilot just ahead of her drowns in his plane.

So the narrative moves in and out of time (1912-1945). I’ve been researching it off and on for years, exploring the roles of immigrants and their conflicting cultures and religions. I’ve been particularly interested to see how external events shape and alter our lives, and how, like many of my ancestors—and yours as well, no doubt—we cope with and survive them, even when we lose what we most love.

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Queens Never Make Bargains book coverA big thanks to Nancy Means Wright. She’ll give away copies of Queens Never Make Bargains (ebook or paperback) to three people who contribute a comment on my blog this week. I’ll choose the winner from among those who comment by Friday at 6 p.m. ET. Delivery is available within the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom.

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The Winner of Pirate Vishnu

Deborah Andolino has won a copy of Pirate Vishnu by Gigi Pandian. Congrats to Deborah Andolino!

Thanks to Gigi Pandian for a peek at what’s beneath Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco. Thanks, also, to everyone who visited and commented on Relevant History this week. Watch for another Relevant History post, coming soon.

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San Francisco’s Graveyard of Gold Rush Ships

Gigi Pandian author photoRelevant History welcomes USA Today bestselling mystery author Gigi Pandian, who spent her childhood being dragged around the world by her cultural anthropologist parents. She writes the Jaya Jones Treasure Hunt Mystery Series and the forthcoming Accidental Alchemist mysteries. Her debut novel, Artifact, was awarded a Malice Domestic Grant and named a “Best of 2012” debut by Suspense Magazine. The follow-up, Pirate Vishnu, is now available.
For more information, check her web site, and look for her on Facebook and Twitter.

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Have you ever strolled through downtown San Francisco? Then chances are you’ve walked directly above a sunken ship.

I write a treasure hunt mystery series about a San Francisco-based historian who solves present-day crimes linked to historical treasures. When I learned about this secret history of San Francisco, it was too good not to include in a book!

A Little-Known Legacy of the Gold Rush
When the California Gold Rush began in 1848, scores of men flocked to the sleepy town of San Francisco. Within a few years, the population exploded from several hundred to tens of thousands. People came from all over the world, and California became the 31st state of the Union in 1850.

Much of the population arrived not by wagon train, but by sea. More than 500 ships were abandoned in Yerba Buena Cove as crews went in search of fortune. Most of those ships never sailed again.

In the decades following the Gold Rush, several waterfront expansion bills were passed. As the land was filled in, the abandoned ships remained where they were—with landfill added on top of them. What was once Yerba Buena Cove became today’s financial district. To this day, the buried remains of Gold Rush-era ships are often discovered when new construction begins.

Sunken Ships Repurposed
Many of those abandoned ships had a more interesting fate than being trapped beneath our feet.

San Francisco was short on supplies, such as wood, as the city population boomed, so people got creative. Making use of the numerous abandoned ships, men took apart the ships for timber. Some enterprising individuals even set up businesses inside the moored ships, such as banks, hotels, jails, and saloons.

Barbary Coast Trail pamphletThe city’s red-light district, the Barbary Coast, sprung up in this downtown area, so saloons were in high demand. The Old Ship Saloon is one such example of a ship-turned-saloon that still stands. Established in 1851 in the remains of the Arkansas (a ship that ran aground in 1949) the pub is currently a popular spot to grab lunch or a drink.

Buried Treasure
I’m a history buff, which is why I wanted to write a mystery series featuring a history professor. I was once on the academic path myself, but left a PhD program for art school to follow my creative passions—but adventurous academics wouldn’t stay out of my head!

I’m always on the lookout for interesting treasure ideas with real historic backdrops. I live in the San Francisco Bay Area and frequent the waterfront area. The rich history sparked my imagination. With so many abandoned ships, so many desperate men, and so much wealth from the gold fields…Thus one of the seeds was planted for Pirate Vishnu.

In my fictional take on true San Francisco history, historian Jaya Jones always thought the first member of the Indian side of her family to come to the U.S. had perished in the Great San Francisco Earthquake of 1906—until she discovers a treasure map related to one of the Barbary Coast saloons that was once a ship. Told in alternating chapters in the present day and the early twentieth century, the book follows the adventures of a ship-builder immigrant and his treasure.

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Pirate Vishnu book coverA big thanks to Gigi Pandian. She’ll give away a paperback copy of Pirate Vishnu to someone who contributes a comment on my blog this week. I’ll choose the winner from among those who comment by Friday at 6 p.m. ET. Delivery is available within the United States and Canada.

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Climbing Mountains in Skirts

Janet Oakley author photoRelevant History welcomes Janet Oakley, historian and award winning author of historical fiction. Her book Tree Soldier won the 2012 EPIC ebook award for historical fiction and the 2013 grand prize for Chanticleer Books Reviews. Another long work, The Jossing Affair, won first place in historical fiction Chanticleer Books Reviews. Janet has essays in the “Cup of Comfort” series, writings in the Clover Literary Rag, and historical articles on Washington State history. Timber Rose is the prequel to Tree Soldier. When she’s not writing, Oakley can be seen wearing petticoats and teaching 19th-century life, hands-on, to kids. To learn more, check out Janet’s blog and follow her on Twitter and Facebook.

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I have always loved to camp and tramp. From a very early age, I went tent camping with my family all over the Northeast and eventually the West. It was always a magical time (admittedly, miserable if it rained too much), for to be in nature was for me instructional and energizing.

I never thought much of how these places came to be until I was an adult. When I needed a paper for a university class, I began to pay attention to the stories my mom told me of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in Idaho where she grew up. The CCC made trails, planted trees, and built cabins, ranger stations, and fire look-outs back in the 1930s. My historical novel Tree Soldier, about a CCC camp in the North Cascades of Washington State, came out of my research. Its prequel, Timber Rose, explores the work of earlier, pioneering people who built an appreciation for the wilderness and the need to preserve it.

The Pacific NW and the Birth of Hiking Clubs
The North Cascades, the setting for Timber Rose, is a beautiful, rugged area in the north of Washington State. Until 1889, the state was a territory. Formed in 1852, it was one of longest held territories seeking statehood. Though it became a state, Washington had over 2.25 million acres in the federally held Pacific Forest Reserves. In 1897, the Forest Bureau was created by an act of Congress, with Gifford Pinchot as head. Eight years later (1905) 63 million acres of forest nationwide was transferred from the Interior Department to the Agriculture Department. At the same time, the modern Forest Service was created. The Pacific Forest Reserves on the east side of Puget Sound became the Washington National Forest.

Mount BakerAgainst this dry history, inspired by the writings of John Muir and other nature writers, some amazing things happened. In 1890, a group of climbers, which included 21-year-old Fay Fuller wearing blue flannel bloomers and a boy’s boots with caulks, climbed Mount Rainier. The following year a group of climbers made it to the top of Mount Baker (Mount Kulshan in my novels) in the North Cascades. In the next couple of years, wilderness enthusiasts organized. In 1894, on the summit of Mount Hood, Oregon, the Mazamas was formed. Of its 105 members, a good portion were women.

The Mazamas played an important part in developing trails and shelters in the Washington National Forest. They formed a branch of the club in Seattle and took on Mount Baker in 1906. Catherine Montgomery, a founding faculty member of the Normal School in Bellingham, WA, was on that climb. She would later be called the mother of the Pacific Crest Trail that runs from California to the Canadian border.

Mountaineering circa 1900Two years after the Forest Service came into being, the Seattle branch of the Mazamas split off and became The Mountaineers, whose aims were “to explore the mountains, forests, and water courses of the Pacific NW…” They played a major role in the greater outdoor community.

Not Held Back by Petticoats
Cora Smith EatonFrom the 1890s on, women hiked and climbed in the Pacific NW. Though bound by fashion that corseted and skirted them on the main street, they were ingenious in getting around a few rules. In some instances, they wore bloomers but many times they went in their skirts, with knickerbockers underneath. Or just wool pants. In 1909, when a number of women climbed Mount Rainier during a suffragette convention in Seattle, group leader Cora Smith Eaton compiled a list of what to bring:

1. Sleeping Bag, consisting of three bags, one inside the other.

  • Waterproof shell, of kahki (sic) or rubber or parafined (sic) canvas or oiled silk.
  • Double wool blanket bag.
  • Comfort padded with wool bats, the comfort folded and sewed together as a bag.

2. Tramping suit:

  • Bloomers or knickerbockers.
  • Short skirt, knee length, discarded on the hard climbs.
  • Wool wait or jumper.
  • Sweater or heavy coat.

3. Three pairs of cotton hose.
4. Three pairs of boys’ wool socks to wear as the second pair of hose to prevent chafing.
5. Mountain boots to the knee, with heavy soles, heavy enough for hob-nails, and these must be placed in soles before starting, using 3 1/2 eighths Hungarian nails in the instep as well as the heels and soles.
6. Lighter shoes, like tennis shoes, for camp.
7. Gaiters to wear with the light shoes.
8. Chamois heel protectors, worn next to the skin, or adhesive plaster, to prevent blistering the heel.
9. Two winter undersuits, ankle length and long sleeves.
10. Two lighter undersuits, ankle length and long sleeves.
11. One dark colored night robe or pajamas.
12. Hat, lightweight, with medium brim.
13. Mosquito head net or bee veil.
14. Smoked goggles.
15. Heavy gauntlet gloves.
16. Three bandana handkerchiefs.
17. Rubber poncho, or slicker coat.

The climb was successful. On the summit, the group placed a flag with the AYP (Alaska-Yukon-Pacific fair) symbol with a Votes for Women banner underneath.

No Slouches at Home
Many of the women who climbed came from the middle class. Wives of UW faculty or professors themselves, local enthusiasts from logging communities around the mountains, or business owners. Dr. Cora Smith Eaton was one such woman. The first woman to practice medicine in ND, she came to the northwest for a suffragette convention in 1907. She climbed Mount Hood and later moved to Seattle. She was one of the co-founders of the Mountaineers. Another, Mary Davenport Engberg, ran a pharmacy in Bellingham, WA with her husband. She was an active outdoorswoman who made numerous expeditions to Mount Baker, naming a number of its features, including Bastille and No Name Glaciers. She was also an accomplished violinist and conductor. She started a 65-piece orchestra.

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Timber Rose book coverA big thanks to Janet Oakley. She’ll give away a trade paperback copy of Timber Rose to someone who contributes a comment on my blog this week. I’ll choose the winner from among those who comment by Friday at 6 p.m. ET. Delivery is available within the U.S. only.

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